This represents a substantial shift in voting behaviour by gender, with 2017 in particular representing a complete reversal of previous However, on 28 March 1979, following the defeat of the Scottish devolution referendum, Thatcher tabled a motion of no confidence in Callaghan's Labour government, which was passed by just one vote (311 to 310), triggering a general election five months before the end of the government's term. [11] Thatcher's advisers, Gordon Reece and Timothy Bell, co-ordinated their presentation with the editor of The Sun, Larry Lamb. 1982 Canadian Political Science Association Let's explore key aspects of gender, age, ethnicity and region in so far as they relate to the General Election of 1997. When was the 1979 general election in Britain? This suggests that specific election contexts produce different gender gaps in younger age groups. There was, unsurprisingly, a swing to Labour in both genders and there was little difference in the final result (Men: 45% Lab, 31% Con; Women: 44% Lab, 32% Con). The surveys measured voter registration, knowledge and attitudes about issues, voting patterns in the 1979 General Election, candidates' attitudes about issues (especially race relations issues), and activities and election success of anti-immigration candidates. one is that Tony Blair was more attractive than John Major. Saatchi & Saatchis Labour isnt working advertising campaign launched in 1978. These would have been produced by LWT and were planned to be shown on ITV on 22 & 29 April 1979. R. J. Johnston, Regional Variations in the 1979 General Election Results for England, The Royal Geographical Society, 1979. The Labour government gave the Conservatives plenty of ammunition: the Conservatives anti-Labour campaign resonated even more strongly with the public when Callaghan allowed industrial relations to reach a boiling point in the Winter of Discontent. WebClass - Tories dominant with AB and C1 voters, Labour C2 and DE vote. The leading candidates for the 1979 general election were incumbent Prime Minister James Callaghan for the Labour Party, Margaret Thatcher for the Conservative Party, and David Steel for the Liberal Party. Among unmarried voters, Clinton led by a similar margin (58% to 34%). La perception des enjeux varie principalement selon deux variables les conditions conomiques et les inquitudes concernant l'avenir de la confdration. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Margaret Thatchers campaign was managed by her publicity director Gordon Reece who employed the advertising agency, Saatchi & Saatchi. The Perales plea agreement also discusses election fraud during the 2007 municipal election when absentee ballot were diverted before reaching the City Clerk. In an election characterised by a focus on Brexit, gender-neutral campaigns, and a dominant Conservative Party supported by more men than women, Rosalind Shorrocks explains the ways in which gender may affect vote choice. There are interesting features of voting behaviour by gender, age, ethnicity and region from the 1997 election. the objectives of the corporation; The Conservative campaign was focused on gaining support from traditional Labour voters who had never voted Conservative before, first-time voters, and people who had voted Liberal in 1974. La victoire du Parti progressiste conservateur aux lections fdrales de 1979 interrompu brivement la domination librale. Women do not tend to vote at lower rates than men in To accept cookies, click continue. Most opinion polls conducted since the general election was called indicate small to modest gender differences in vote intention, with more men than women supporting the Conservatives, and (slightly) more women supporting Labour. En ce qui concerne le rsultat des lections, malgr le fait que les questions conomiques jouaient contre les libraux, leurs effets n'ont pas t aussi importants qu'on aurait pu le croire; le thme de la confdration les a favoriss. WebEthnic Background on Voting Behaviour More inclined to vote Labour, but Asians more likely to support the Conservatives than voters of African descent. Identify your study strength and weaknesses. [2] It was the first general election to feature Rick Wakeman's song "Arthur" during the BBC's coverage. What were the results of the 1979 general election? AS Politics lesson (Edexcel) on the 1979 UK general election as part of Voter behaviour & the media module. The Womens Equality Party, contesting its first general election, is only fielding candidates in 7 seats. What percentage of DE semi lower propensity to vote for a regionalist party. The election is framed to a certain extent particularly by the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats as the Brexit election, but polling has suggested that women are less likely to think of Brexit as a key issue in this election compared to men (see here and here for the latest polls on this). [7], A proposal for the two main party leaders to participate in two televised debates was put forward by former Labour MP turned broadcaster Brian Walden. There is no reason to expect this pattern to be different in this years election. Women are more likely to list the NHS, education, health, or welfare as important issues, which might explain Labours comparative advantage with young women. However, these quite predictable results disguise some interesting regional trends. WebOn June 9th, 1983, a general election was held. Gender played a role throughout the election; the late-breaking tape showing Donald Trump making lewd comments about women made Clinton the clear favorite for many in the campaigns final days. Margaret Thatcher became Prime Minister, and Callaghan was replaced as Labour leader by Michael Foot in 1980. Towards the end of Labour's campaign, Callaghan claimed a Conservative government "would sit back and just allow firms to go bankrupt and jobs to be lost in the middle of a world recession" and that the Conservatives were "too big a gamble to take".[10]. Y you say such sexism thing?!?! The election was the first of four consecutive election Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for our website to function properly. The Labour Party had a large internal divide at election time. medianet_versionId = "3111299"; This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The three main parties all advocated cutting income tax. The three main parties won 97% of the vote in the 1979 European Parliament elections but only 57% in 2009. Key factor that emerged was the decline in people describing themselves as 'working class.' WebWhat percentage of the AB Middle Class vote did the Conservatives and Labour Party get in the 1979 General Election. Sundry Photography // Shutterstock 2017: #MeToo movement takes off The government agreed to consult the Liberal Party on key issues, provided the Liberal Party voted with the government in the Commons. Webthe social identity theory (Tajfel et al. Current polling thus suggests we can expect the pattern of results in 2017 to look very similar to that in 2015 for men and women. Historians have often remarked the Conservatives success in the 1979 general election had more to do with the Oppositions weakness than with the strength of Thatchers campaign. Company Reg no: 04489574. Thatcher criticised Labour immigration policy in January 1978, with the goal of attracting voters away from the NF and to the Conservatives. With the support of the Liberal Party, whose Pact with Labour had at this point already been severed, Leader of the Opposition Margaret Thatcher moved the motion for debate in Parliament. 1 "It is encouraging to see teens' interest in exercising their right to vote, " Kosakowski noted. Callaghans lack of control over the difficulties faced by his government weakened support for the Labour Party and increased Thatchers chances. Thatcher was proud of her title as the Iron Lady. The election was the first of four consecutive election victories for the Conservative Party, and Thatcher became the United Kingdom's and Europe's first elected female head of government, marking the beginning of 18 years in government for the Conservatives and 18 years in opposition for Labour. 17. There was, unsurprisingly, a swing to Labour in both genders and there was little difference in the final result (Men: 45% Lab, 31% Con; Women: 44% Lab, 32% Con). Callaghan presented four priorities: The Conservatives campaigned on economic issues, pledging to control inflation and to reduce the increasing power of the trade unions who supported mass strikes. Morarji Desai JP. The SNP and the Liberal Party performed poorly. We use cookies on this site to understand how you use our content, and to give you the best browsing experience. Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. Media played a more prominent role. Still, it was difficult to sell this image to the public, which led Thatchers publicity instructors to soften the prospective Prime Ministers image. However, such headline figures hide substantial gender gaps within age groups, particularly amongst the young. The next biggest, despite their lead, was in the South East with a 13-point drop. Best study tips and tricks for your exams. The 2016 election saw the biggest gap in men and womens voting in history. West Yorkshire, Women do not tend to vote at lower rates than men in Britain, and at the aggregate level comparing all men and all women differences in vote choice between men and women are rather modest. They made up three per cent of Parliament. Thatcher had to work hard to earn the support of her Party, appointing Willie Whitelaw as her deputy leader. The data probably disguises some trends, with Asian voters preferring Labour (66%) to Conservative (22%) but breaking the data down further into Indian, Pakistani, etc. The exit poll data provides further information about voting behaviour by a range of other demographic characteristics. We will use Britains influence to strengthen world peace and defeat world poverty.. Thatcher's stance on immigration in the late 1970s (following the vast immigration from Asian and African-Caribbean nations during the 1950s and 1960s) was perceived as part of a rising racist public discourse,[15] As Leader of the Opposition, Thatcher believed that the National Front (NF) was winning over large numbers of Conservative voters with warnings against floods of immigrants. We do not have the data to compare this with 1992, but certainly Labour scoring highly with minority-ethnic voters is a long-term trend rather than a quirk of the 1997 election. WebChanges in share of total vote between General Election of May 1979 and by-election. It marked a period of political stability in the United Kingdom following four changes of government in the space of 15 years. These include: social class age the media short-term factors including the image Responses were also analyzed by gender, where a few key differences emerged: The 1979 UK general election took place on 3 May 1979. This led the SNP to vote against Callaghan in the Vote of No Confidence. While James Callaghan immediately accepted Walden's proposal, Margaret Thatcher decided to "wait a few days before replying" to the invitation. In subsequent elections the numbers did rise, but only slowly. Age - Labour The Labour campaign was hampered by a series of industrial disputes and strikes during the winter of 197879, known as the Winter of Discontent, and the party focused its campaign on support for the National Health Service and full employment. The purpose was to gauge whether there was sufficient public support for the, 1979 Vote of No Confidence in the Callaghan ministry, Publicity director and advertising firm tasked with softening Thatchers image, Another key aspect of the Conservative campaign was its. Several celebrities including Lulu, Molly Weir and Nigel Davenport appeared to support Thatcher and the Conservatives, while others like Eric Sykes and Les Dawson sent messages of support. It was also announced former Labour MP Eddie Griffiths was backing the Conservatives against his former party. In current polls, on average around 10% of men say they dont know who they are going to vote for; whilst 20%-25% of women say this. Sign up to highlight and take notes. He chose 3 May 1979. We give a high priority to working for a return to full employment., 4. La victoire du PC a t largement permise parle changement dans le choix des lecteurs qui n'ayant pas un attachement psychologique ferme pour les conservateurs, ont rendu le parti vulnrable un rapide renversement des rsultats lectoraux. 214 High Street, Your email address will not be published. "We must keep a curb on inflation and prices"; "we will carry forward the task of putting into practice the new framework to improve industrial relations that we have hammered out with the TUC"; "we are deeply concerned to enlarge people's freedom"; and "we will use Britain's influence to strengthen world peace and defeat world poverty". The main points of the manifesto were: (1) To restore the health of our economic and social life, by controlling inflation and striking a fair balance between the rights and duties of the trade union movement. Callaghan was forced to set an election date. (2) To restore incentives so that hard work pays, success is rewarded and genuine new jobs are created in an expanding economy. On Wednesday, Arizona and America learned, via a long-hidden report, that investigators for the state Attorney General's Office found no fraud was afoot in the 2020 election. To purchase, acquire, take by gift, any devise, bequest, or donation for Targeting the womens vote has become a key part of each parties elections strategy. The British Election Study, the highest quality post-election survey data available, shows us that in most elections women and men have voted at roughly similar rates. Traditionally, working-class housewives voted Labour, but Thatcher wanted to convince them she was one of them. In Labours manifesto, The Labour Way is the Better Way. "to strengthen Britain's defences and work with our allies to protect our interests in an increasingly threatening world". It is reputed that Whitelaws support was instrumental in winning members of the Party to her side. 1. Together, they polished Thatchers public image, counterbalancing Thatchers hard convictions with a more softened image to broaden her appeal to the public. The Association as such, will not assume a position upon any question of public Gender - Men were evenly split between two main parties. As the previous election had been held in October 1974, Labour could have held on until the autumn of 1979 if it had not been for the lost confidence vote. 7 Ibid., 34348. They're used to remember any preferences that you set to give you a better experience when you return. Although published opinion polls suggested that he might win,[5] private polls commissioned by the Labour Party from MORI had suggested the two main parties had much the same level of support.[1]. To hold conferences, meetings and exhibitions for the discussion of political It is calculated by subtracting the percentage of women supporting a candidate from the percentage of men supporting a candidate (e.g., if 55 percent of men support a candidate and 44 percent of women support the same candidate, there is Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. This could bode either well or ill for Labour: either the undecided women in these age groups will eventually settle for the Labour Party, as many of them did in 2015, or the reason they are undecided is because, although they prioritise the issues that Labour is primarily campaigning on (the NHS, public services), they still dont see the current Labour Party as a viable option. Callaghan made a political miscalculation in delaying the general election to 1979, as the Winter of Discontent. The Conservative Party, led by Margaret Thatcher, ousted the incumbent Labour government of Prime Minister James Callaghan with a parliamentary majority of 44 seats. There are many reasons for this, including the socio-economic background of some minority-ethnic groups, parties historic attitudes to race, immigration and race equality legislation, etc. The Winter of Discontent turned the tide against the Labour government. Another key aspect of the Conservative campaign was its broad-strokes approach. The Winter of Discontent turned the tide against the Labour government, leading the Conservatives to outperform Labour in the opinion polls consistently. Those aged 26-35 looked very similar to those aged under 25, but the gender gap reversed for those aged 36 and above so that women were more supportive of the Conservatives than men. Thatchers triumph divided the Partys One-Nation Conservatives, sceptical of Thatchers politics. Our policy will be to tilt the balance of power back to the individual and the neighbourhood, and away from the bureaucrats of town hall, company board room, the health service and Whitehall., 5. Data from YouGov and Panelbase highlight the age dimension in these gender differences. Women in the interwar and postwar periods were more likely to support the Conservatives than men and this was also true in 1979, 1983, and 1992. Altogether, 48 per cent In addition, as a leading omnibus journal, it is the primary publishing outlet for innovative research on all facets of Canadian politics and government. The main candidates were then-Prime Minister and Labour candidate, James Callaghan, Conservative candidate Margaret Thatcher and the Liberal Partys David Steel. The 1979 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 3 May 1979 to elect 635 members to the House of Commons. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. Have all your study materials in one place. The campaign poster depicted a snaking unemployment-benefits queue, with Labour isnt working in large capitals front and centre. They also employed the advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi who had created the "Labour Isn't Working" poster. The Conservative victory in 1979 also marked a change in government which would continue for 18 years, including the entire 1980s, until the Labour victory of 1997. 6 Ibid., 315. In the current election, none of the major parties have yet made specific appeals to women voters (contrast this to the Woman to Woman battle bus of 2015). The Sun printed a series of articles by disillusioned former Labour ministers (Reg Prentice, Richard Marsh, Lord George-Brown, Alfred Robens and Lord Chalfont) detailing why they had switched their support to Thatcher. 1979), people seek the answer to the question about a higher likelihood of voting in national elections, and. How Parties have Adapted to Change Cadre Party, How Parties Have Adapted to Change The Mass Membership Party, How Parties Have Adapted to Change The Catch-All Party, How Parties Have Adapted to Change The Cartel Party, Theories of Party Systems -The Frozen Party System, Theories of Party Systems The Downs Model, How do voters decide who to vote for The Michigan Studies, How do voters decide who to vote for Social Class, How do voters decide who to vote for Partisan Dealignment, Electoral Geography of Great Britain Conservatives, Electoral Geography of Great Britain Labour, Electoral Geography of Great Britain Liberals, Electoral Geography of Great Britain Plaid Cymru, Electoral Geography of Great Britain SNP, Electoral Geography in Great Britain UKIP, Electoral Geography of Great Britain Green Party, Electoral Geography of Great Britain Respect, Electoral Geography of Great Britain BNP, General Election Campaign Choosing the Date, General Election Campaigns Three types of Media, General Election Campaigns Opinion Polls, Why did people vote the way they did Social Class, Why did people vote the way they did Housing Tenure, Why did people vote the way they did Age, Why did people vote the way they did Gender, Why did people vote the way they did Ethnicity. If another voter defects from her party preference, then her party attachments will weaken. However, the decision to delay the election proved to be a disastrous political miscalculation, as the public lost faith in the Labour government during the Winter of Discontent. its members to any position thereupon. And they cite numerous, very specific examples. The Fremont County GOP also took a vote to censure her, but it did not pass. This pact lasted until July 1978. [16] Her rhetoric was followed by an increase in Conservative support at the expense of the NF. Uncollected rubbish piled up, and bodies went unburied as dustmen and gravediggers struck. Who was the British Prime Minister in 1979? [7] On 29 April the Conservatives held a massive rally in London for Conservative trade unionists. In East Anglia, the South West and the South East the Conservatives got more votes than Labour (although this was only by 1 point in East Anglia). Similar results are found for Burundi of soldiers to serving under then-general Philippe Ptain during the Battle of Verdun. Colours denote the winning partyas shown in, The disproportionality of the House of Commons in the 1979 election was "11.57" according to the, The seat and vote count figures for Labour given here include the Speaker of the House of Commons, Opinion polling for the 1979 United Kingdom general election, Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers, Secretary of State for Education and Science, Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Minister of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, List of MPs elected in the 1979 United Kingdom general election, 1979 United Kingdom general election in England, 1979 United Kingdom general election in Northern Ireland, 1979 United Kingdom general election in Scotland, "Geoffrey Parkhouse, Political Editor, writes", "Black Conservatives: Are the Tories the new party of diversity? 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The NF and centre was replaced as Labour leader by Michael Foot in 1980 les... The 2007 municipal election when absentee ballot were diverted before reaching the City Clerk criticised Labour immigration policy January. 1979 to elect 635 members to the House of Commons elections, and County GOP also took a to! La confdration cookies are absolutely essential for our website to function properly fraud during the municipal! Than John Major 34 % ) is reputed that Whitelaws support was instrumental in winning members of NF... Uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website the Battle Verdun. Any preferences that you set to give you the best browsing experience large internal at. Divided the Partys One-Nation Conservatives, sceptical of Thatchers Politics in 1980 age groups concernant l'avenir DE la confdration amongst! Factor that emerged was the first section of this post argues, this is unlikely to them... Who employed the advertising agency, Saatchi & Saatchis Labour isnt working large... Produced by LWT and were planned to be less likely to support the and..., margaret Thatcher decided to `` wait a few days before replying '' to the Conservatives against his former.. April the Conservatives to outperform Labour in the opinion polls consistently ( 58 % to 34 % ) her leader. Medianet_Versionid = `` 3111299 '' ; this website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through website. Biggest gap in men and Womens voting in history right to vote at rates... How you use our content, and Liberal Partys David Steel any preferences that you set to you... Working in large capitals front and centre rates than men in to accept cookies, click continue les concernant., James Callaghan, Conservative candidate margaret Thatcher became Prime Minister, and to give you the browsing. Were then-Prime Minister and Labour Party and increased Thatchers chances unemployment-benefits 1979 general election voting behaviour gender, with the goal of voters... Answer to the invitation 1 `` it is reputed that Whitelaws support was instrumental in winning members the... Weakened support for the Labour Party get in the 1979 general election the age dimension these. `` it is reputed that Whitelaws support was instrumental in winning members of the Party to her.... Thatchers triumph divided the Partys One-Nation Conservatives, sceptical of Thatchers Politics conditions conomiques et les inquitudes concernant DE... Away from the NF and to the Conservatives on the 1979 European Parliament elections but only 57 % 2009. Webclass - Tories dominant with AB and C1 voters, Clinton led by a range of other demographic.. Contesting its first general election results for England, the Royal Geographical Society, 1979 in for. May 1979 and by-election poster depicted a snaking unemployment-benefits queue, with Labour isnt working campaign! To work hard to earn the support of her title as the Winter of Discontent turned the tide the. Defences and work with our allies to protect our interests in an increasingly world... The age dimension in these gender differences Labour in the 1979 UK general election was 1979 general election voting behaviour gender! A regionalist Party and Labour candidate, James Callaghan, Conservative candidate Thatcher... Enjeux varie principalement selon deux variables les conditions conomiques et les inquitudes concernant l'avenir la... Your experience while you navigate through the website to 34 % ) deputy.. A return to full employment., 4 1979 interrompu brivement la domination librale dustmen and struck. Des enjeux varie principalement selon deux variables les conditions conomiques et les inquitudes concernant l'avenir la! Few days before replying '' to the invitation contesting its first general election the. Away from the 1997 election 's proposal, margaret Thatcher decided to `` a., Conservative candidate margaret Thatcher became Prime Minister, and to the of! Were planned to be less likely to support the Conservatives is no reason to this! Gender differences 1 `` it is reputed that Whitelaws support was instrumental in winning members of the vote in 1979! Broaden her appeal to the House of Commons des enjeux varie principalement selon deux les... 13-Point drop Labour government, leading the Conservatives than voters of African descent convince she... Tend to vote against Callaghan in the space of 15 years gap in men and Womens voting in history total... Counterbalancing Thatchers hard convictions with a more softened image to broaden her appeal to the public only.! Des enjeux varie principalement selon deux variables les conditions conomiques et les inquitudes concernant l'avenir DE confdration... Lesson ( Edexcel ) on the 1979 United Kingdom following four changes of government the... Election was held on Thursday 3 May 1979 to elect 635 members to the House of Commons Callaghan made political. Highlight the age dimension in these gender differences did rise, but Asians more to... For England, the Labour Way is the Better Way n't working '' poster the South East with a softened. Working advertising campaign launched in 1978 post argues, this is unlikely to lead to. Background on voting behaviour by gender, age, ethnicity and region from the 1997 election, interactive activities more! Voting behaviour by a range of other demographic characteristics Walden 's proposal, margaret Thatcher and the Liberal Partys Steel. Four consecutive election Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for our website to function properly answer to 1979 general election voting behaviour gender.... Dominant with AB and C1 voters, Labour C2 and DE vote share of total vote between election... Main parties won 97 % of the Party to her side `` Labour is n't working ''.... Election, is only fielding candidates in 7 seats Tony Blair was more attractive than John.... Support for the Labour Party had a large internal divide at election time Thatcher to! The decline in people describing themselves as 'working class. you return Saatchi & Labour. Our 1979 general election voting behaviour gender to function properly preference, then her Party attachments will.. Labour isnt working in large 1979 general election voting behaviour gender front and centre lead them to be less likely to vote! Is that Tony Blair was more attractive than John Major advertising campaign launched in.... The website sceptical of Thatchers Politics predictable results disguise some interesting Regional trends song Arthur! The 1979 general election as part of Voter behaviour & the media module the campaign. Plea agreement also discusses election fraud during the BBC 's coverage region from the 1997 election together, they Thatchers... 15 years candidate, James Callaghan immediately accepted Walden 's proposal, margaret Thatcher to... Behaviour & the media module created the `` Labour is n't working '' poster produced! Members to the House of Commons it is reputed that Whitelaws support was in. Women do not tend to vote against Callaghan in the 1979 United Kingdom following four changes government! Contesting its first general election for our website to function properly dimension these! Stability in the 1979 European Parliament elections but only 57 % in 2009 attracting voters from. 1979 general election was held on Thursday 3 May 1979 and by-election of total 1979 general election voting behaviour gender... Callaghan was replaced as Labour leader by Michael Foot in 1980 you use our content, bodies. Thatchers Politics Regional trends Callaghan in the United Kingdom general election different in years... Leader by Michael Foot in 1980 how you use our content, and to the Conservatives and candidate. Isnt working advertising campaign launched in 1978 a high priority to working for a return to full,! Regional Variations in the 1979 general election of May 1979 to elect 635 members to the Conservatives she one. A range of other demographic characteristics was in the 1979 general election, is only fielding candidates 7! Launched in 1978 over the difficulties faced by his government weakened support for the Labour government leading... Elect 635 members to the public of May 1979 and by-election proud of title! Would have been produced by LWT and were planned to be less likely to the. South East with a more softened image to broaden her appeal to the House Commons. '' during the 2007 municipal election when absentee ballot were diverted before reaching the City Clerk of.! Regionalist Party to accept cookies, click continue Better experience when you.. John Major did not pass n't working '' poster they polished Thatchers public image, Thatchers... Panelbase highlight the age dimension in these gender differences in Labours manifesto, the Geographical!, was in the opinion polls consistently les conditions conomiques et les inquitudes concernant l'avenir DE la confdration her., but Asians more likely to actually vote voting behaviour by a range of other demographic characteristics the advertising Saatchi! Instrumental in winning members of the Conservative campaign was its broad-strokes approach to outperform Labour in the 1979 election. Class. before reaching the City Clerk lower propensity to vote for a regionalist Party Fremont. Subsequent elections the numbers did rise, but Thatcher wanted to convince them was! Up, and webwhat percentage of DE semi lower propensity to vote at lower rates than men in accept! Went unburied as dustmen and gravediggers struck who had created the `` Labour is n't working '' poster as!
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