Enter your email address and click the Subscribe button ↓ . Must hold Master degree (NQF9) and minimum average of 65% in academic transcripts for Doctor's Degree. There are several # Jica Scholarships for Zambia awards accessible to Zambians students. All applications should be submitted by email to the following addresses: kouakouchantal.co@jica.go.jp / co_oso_rep@jica.go.jp there are many financial support options for South Sudan students who wish to study abroad. Attend an interview at a JICA overseas office in mid- October 2021. You can study in Japan on fully funded or partially funded scholarships. General Information-FY2022 (ABE) (PDF/608KB) 2. Candidates who wish to apply for a JICA scholarship should BOTH contact JICA AND apply to GRIPS directly online, before the designated application deadlines. by identifying and recognizing academically talented. Study in: Asia, Australia, NZ. Aug 24, 2021 Application for JDS Uzbekistan 2021 is now open. 2 10/2022~3/2023 Fall Semester 2022 (6 months) 4/2023~3/2024 Spring and Fall Semesters 2023 (12 months) 3-year duration of the Doctoral Program, the MEXT SGU Scholarship ends, the scholar loses their status as a Japanese You'll need to apply by the program deadline or by mid-December 2021 . posted on may 8, 2018 by tom cook. February 28, 2022 Ph.D. DM March 4, 2022 Apply through a sponsoring organization Program Contact Organization Application Deadline Master's YLP Japanese Embassy Varies MEP (for scholarship-seeking applicants only) IMF December 1, 2021 DMP JICA or Japanese Embassy Varies MSP (for scholarship-seeking applicants only) JICA Varies 73. JICA website uses cookies to provide you with a better service. ABE Initiative SDGs Global Leader Masters and Ph.D. OWWA Scholarships 2022 Application Process. The World Bank's Development Economics Vice Presidency (DEC) provides scholarships to students and young researchers, contributing to the World Bank's mission of forging new dynamic approaches to capacity development and knowledge sharing in the developing world. Application Form . The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is offering scholarships for students who are studying at 'partner schools' in Asian countries. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Note *1: The deadline for applications to GRIPS is earlier than that for JICA applications. 2022 年度 This information pertains to one of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)'s Knowledge Co-Creation Program (Long-Term). The McCall MacBain Scholarship application will be open from June to September 2021 for those planning to start a program in Fall 2022. the JICA SENEGAL OFFICE 3e Etage, Atryum Center, Route de Ouakam, Dakar, B.P.3323 +221 33 859 7272, sn-abe-mip@jica.go.jp; DioufMarietherese.SN@jica.go.jp < For applicants from other countries covered by JICA Senegal Office > 1. Other external scholarships may also be available to students after beginning their studies at APU. Scholarship Program for African Leaders (Fully Funded to Japan) October 19, 2021. may 8, 2018. on may 1, fifty two eighth grade students officially became shiawassee scholars. Call for Applications for the Dr. Goh Keng Swee (GKS) Scholarship for Academic Year 2021. If a candidate wishes to study in this program with JICA's scholarship, he/she must apply to the JICA's program and select Yokohama National University as a university to wish to study at. NiaNiMaarifa October 19, 2021 Scholarship Closing Date: 28th . The ABE Initiative aims at fostering leaders with proven ability to contribute towards Africa's development in collaboration with the Japanese private sector. Location: GIBS . ABE Initiative 2022 Masters Scholarship & Internship Program for African Students - Japan. The . JICA SDGs Global Leader for Young African Leaders 2022; The SDGs Global Leader Program: The Scholarship aims to capacitate young or mid-career human resources who are contributing towards addressing challenges faced in various fields through strengthening the collaboration between Africa and Japan, and through the implementation of po JICA iulaan (Additional slot) Appendix1 University list For Applicants (Agri-net 2022) Appendix2 Application Form for Agri-Net2022 Appendix3 Attachment Sheet for Agri-Net (2022Autumn) Annex1 2 3 ResearchPlan DescriptionWork CareerPlan(2022Autumn) a two-year Master's degree program) in priority development areas on the continent and abroad, is a joint initiative of the AfDB and Japan (including in Japan). NINJA is short for&n . Bonne chance ! We are discussing here just a few major Fully Funded Japan scholarships. 3. The ABE Initiative Scholarship for Africans is a scheme of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). JICA 2022 ABE Initiative Masters Scholarship & Internship Program for African Students. Candidates who wish to apply for a JICA scholarship should BOTH contact JICA AND apply to GRIPS directly online, before the designated . Also, 2 pcs of recent 2×2 ID photos. For reference, last year's deadline was September 25.) 2. 1. Shortlist Announcement for SDG JICA Scholarship. The Royal Civil Service Commission is pleased to announce the shortlisted candidates for the SDG JICA Knowledge Co-creation Masters Scholarship for 2022 intake read more. Among MEXT scholarship holders, Innovative Asia participants will be selected based on the discussion between university and JICA. Therefore, interested and eligible in-service candidates are encouraged to . ABE Initiative SDGs Global Leader Master And Phd Scholarship Programme 2022. Other Scholarships Available After Enrollment. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) that coordinates official development assistance for the Japanese government in developing countries, has announced the launch of the NINJA Business Plan Competition for businesses emerging during the COVID-19 outbreak. Chevening Scholarship 2022 - Masters Progamme [CLOSED] The Public Service Office is pleased to announce that the window for applications for Chevening Scholarships, for academic year 2022/2023, is currently open for master's level only. Be among the first to know whenever new Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) scholarship is going on. JICA 2022 Postgraduate Scholarships - PDF (0.1 MB) Postal Address: University of Pretoria Private Bag x 20 Hatfield 0028. Selected students will come to Japan in around September 2017 to commence master's or doctor's programme at participating Japanese Universities. . the class of 2022 pictured here is from: byron, corunna, durand, laingsburg, morrice, new lothrop, owosso, perry and st. paul schools . Call for Applications for the Scholarship Offers from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (MSHE) JICA Master's Degree in Flood Disaster Risk Reduction for Academic Year 2021-2022 Scholarship Program for African Leaders (Fully Funded to Japan) In order to achieve SDGs, there is growing needs for developing human resources that will contribute to appropriate policy decision and its implementation for tackling development issues in respective fields. The World Bank Scholarship is a Famous Scholarship Opportunity. JAPANESE GOVERNMENT (MEXT) SCHOLARSHIP FOR 2022 (RESEARCH STUDENTS) The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan offers scholarships to international students who wish to study in graduate courses at Japanese universities as Research Students (either Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Scholarships . 2 copies of the completely filled-out application form. It may change depending on the situation and more precise information will be provided in case of any changes. In order to achieve SDGs, there is growing needs for developing human resources that will contribute to appropriate policy decision and its implementation for tackling development . Scholarships in Japan for International Students 2021 - 2022. 2022 ABE Initiative SDGs Global Leader Masters and Ph.D. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Note *1: The deadline for applications to GRIPS is earlier than that for JICA applications. Category: Vietnam Scholarships, 2021-2022 Hinrich Foundation and TBS Group MSc Scholarship in Global Production Engineering and Management, 2017 The Hinrich Foundation and TBS Group are offering scholarships to the students of Vietnam, Cambodia and Burma to pursue master programme in Germany or Vietnam for the academic session of 2017. Science@Leuven Scholarships for Masters in Belgium 2022 -23 is Now Open . Fully Funded Scholarship Available at IUJ in Japan 2022-23. 新旧JICA所長にお目にかかりました。田中新所長、宜しくお願いします。梅本所長、お世話になりました。ガボンでもご活躍を。 Subtrop LINDSEY MILNE Bursary Scheme 2021. JICA Cambodia Administrative Officer. By. 2021/ 2022 Scholarships in Japan. Details of FY 2022 Master's Degree and Internship Program of African Business Education Initiative for Youth FY 2022. Best Scholarships DAAD In-Country/In-Region Masters & PhD Scholarships for Sub-Saharan African Students 2022 Jul 5, 2021 Application for JDS 2021 is coming soon. All Expenses will be covered under this Program. One Young World Leading Africa Scholarship Japan 2022. by admin. About Japan Africa Dream Scholarship. Japan International Cooperation Agency (hereinafter JICA) calls for applications to the 2022 "Scholarship for Japanese Emigrants and their Descendants in Latin America and the Caribbean: Program for Developing Leaders in Nikkei Communities" as detailed below. 2021/ 2022 Scholarships in Japan Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Scholarships 2021 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is offering scholarships for international students. JICA is looking for prominent young South African nationals who are or anticipating to be involved in industrial development activities in both public and private sectors, and . Continue Reading. The term of scholarship is from October 2022 to March 2023 as a Research Student (the monthly . ADB/Japan Government. These scholarships are sponsored by education institutions (colleges and universities), individuals, government and non-government organizations. This scholarship can be taken at University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Uppsala University (Uppsala Universitet), Duke University, University of Bradford . Selibeng.com. ADB-Japan Scholarship Program for Developing Countries in Asia and Pacific. 60 It aims to reduce poverty and enhance the process of socio-economic development in poor and developing countries around the world. [alert type="success"] Note: 2021/2022 application and intake for Japanese Universities is open [/alert] Background The Japan Africa Dream Scholarship (JADS) Program is a capacity building project which was initiated in 2017 by the African Development Bank and Japan to award two-year scholarships to high-achieving African students to pursue post-graduate studies at master's This scholarship is available for undergraduate, masters, PhD and training studies. The Royal Civil Service Commission is pleased to re-announce the availability of scholarship (1 slot) for eligible Bhutanese to pursue relevant post graduate courses in Japan under Government of Japan/JICA Knowledge Co-Creation Program (KCCP) funding for JFY 2021-2023. Government of Japan and Universities in Japan offer scholarships to international students and local citizens every year and we have listed here some best PhD Scholarships in Japan, Masters Scholarships in Japan . This Masters scholarship can be taken for pursuing in Peace and conflict prevention and resolution. Method of Application. These JICA scholarships are offered for those students who want to their master and doctoral study in Japanese universities. General Information. Masters Degree. . This handout gives current information on the overview of the program. Scholarship recipients will be provided a monthly stipend of 146,000 JPY (as Research Student). Continue Reading. Aug 10, 2021 Application for JDS Bhutan 2021 is now open. The program provides African youths with opportunities to study at Japanese universities and to work at Japanese enterprises. Plaisir de recevoir Mme Tanaka, nouvelle représentante résidente de la JICA. October 19, 2021. read more and apply. 4. Procedure B: JICA Scholarship Application (1) Procedures and Required Documents for Application: All successful applicants are required to submit the "Application documents" listed in (2) below by the end of May 2022 to JICA overseas office in your country. Candidates who wish to apply for a JICA scholarship should BOTH contact JICA AND apply to GRIPS directly online, before the designated application deadlines. For more details, please contact JICA Office or Embassy of Japan JICA/Public Works Research Institute (PWRI) DMP (Water-related) Between 25 and 42 years of age as of October 1, 2022 Eligible countries: Contact JICA Office or Embassy of Japan Japan International Cooperation Agency MSP Under 45 years of age as of October 1, 2022 The monthly stipend will not be paid to those who take a leave of absence or is long absent from Tokyo Tech. How To Get Scholarship In Japan? Abe Initiative Masters Scholarship 2022 - It is aimed at fostering leaders with proven ability to contribute towards Africa's development in collaboration with the Japanese private sector. Duration of Award: Two years will be allocated for a Master's Degree, and three years for a Ph.D. (depending on university offering). The Leading Africa Scholarship is an initiative aimed to ensure that exceptional youths from Africa are represented at the One Young World Summit in Tokyo. Scholarships. December 15, 2021. Any document to validate proof of relationship to the OWWA member. Sep 1, 2021 Application for JDS Laos 2021 is now open. 1. Deadline: varies. . Application form for Meiji University International Students Incentive Scholarship Program for 2022 Admission (prescribed form) b. SGU Scholarship Award Period no. If eligible, students can apply for these scholarships through APU's Student Office on campus. Students from papua-new-guinea looking for PhD scholarship, Masters Scholarships, or Undergraduate scholarships to fund their education abroad can check here latest international Scholarships for Papua New Guinea Students 2021 - 2022 announced by foreign universities and governments. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is the independent institution of the Government of Japan, responsible for the international cooperation and development agenda of the country. Further information about scholarships available after enrollment can be found on our official website. The Applications are open to apply for the Joint Japan World Bank Scholarship 2022.The JJ/WBGSP Scholarship 2022 is a Fully Funded Scholarship open to Male and Females to Study a Full-time Master Degree Program Funded by Japan and the World Bank Group. MEXT Scholarship 2022-2023 is a fully funded scholarship for international students. The 3rd to 5th batches (intake from 2019, 2020 and 2021) will be selected from Japanese Government (Monbukagakusho: MEXT) Scholarship holders. The ABE Initiative, or African Business Education Initiative for Youth, is conducted by JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency), to support young personnel who can be a "Navigator" for contributing to the development of industries in Africa. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forests is pleased to announce the availability of the following scholarship under Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) funding for civil servants working under the Department of Agriculture. The Japan Africa Dream Scholarship (JADS) Program, which aims to provide two-year scholarship awards to highly achieving African graduate students to enable them to pursue post-graduate studies (i.e. Application Deadline: October 28th 2021. Cabo Verde National Directorate of Political Affairs and Cooperation Ministry of External Relations - MIREX C.P. Mon, 04/10/2021 - 12:40. 'Innovative Asia' / Scholarship to Japan - JICA Hot www.jica.go.jp. GRIPS Master and PhD programs and scholarships 2022-23, Japan . there are many financial support options Zambian's students who wish to study abroad. This stipend is subject to change as specified by the regulations of the JICA SDG s Global Leadership program. 15 October 2021. This unique organization was established on October 1, 2003, with headquarters in Tokyo, Japan. Please refer to the Appendix 1 The Royal Civil Service Commission (RCSC) is pleased to re-announce the availability of scholarships for Master's degree under the Japanese Grant Aid for Human Resource Development Scholarship (JDS) 2022 funding under the following component read more. JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) is providing various opportunities to study in the master and the doctor course in Japan. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Scholarships . These scholarships are sponsored by education institutions (colleges and universities), individuals, government and non-government organizations. Sep 1, 2021 Application for JDS Mongolia 2021 is now open. Mon, 04/10/2021 - 12:32. Application Deadline: 28th October 2021 About the Award: The ABE Initiative aims at fostering leaders with proven ability to contribute towards Africa's development in collaboration with the Japanese private sector. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is the implementing agency of most of Japan's. Scholarships for Papua New Guinea Students 2021 - 2022. Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) Undergraduate, Masters & PhD Scholarship Programme 2022/2023. Applicants for SDGs Global Leader Scholarship must: Be less than 40 (before 1 April 2022) Must hold a Bachelor's degree (B-Tech included) with honours or equivalent to NQF8 and average of 65% in academic transcripts for Master's Degree. ABE Initiative Masters Scholarship & Internship Program: The "African Business Education Initiative for Youth (hereafter, referred to as the "ABE Initiative"), has provided up to 1,000 youths in Africa with opportunities to study at Japanese universities as well as do internships at Japanese . Below are the guidelines on how to apply: You will need to prepare the following required documents to proceed: 1. JICA 2022 ABE Initiative Masters Scholarship & Internship Program for African Students. 2-(1) Application_Form 2022 (Excel/146KB) 2-(2) Annex1_Current and Previous Work experience (Word/19.2KB) Last updated: 03 May 2021 |. Cook family foundation. The ABE Initiative aims to support young generation who want to contribute to the development of industries in Africa and bridge the gap between Africa and Japan through . Aim of the Program and Expected Participants [CLOSED] The Public Service Office is pleased to announce that the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has opened calls for applications for the Global Leaders Programme Scholarship for Masters and …. -. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Note *1: The deadline for applications to GRIPS is earlier than that for JICA applications. Start Today! Epilepsy SA Bursary 2021. Thu, 14/10/2021 - 05:40. You must also apply directly to McGill for at least one eligible full-time masters or professional program for Summer/Fall 2022 admission. PASET RSIF Scholarships 2021/2022 for PhD Students in sub-Saharan Africa. ACADEMIC YEAR 2021-2022 : 19 February 2021 The CHED Scholarship Coordinating Committee (SCC) is pleased to invite your institution to nominate a candidate to the Master's Degree Program in Flood Disaster Risk Reduction from 29 September 2021 to 16 September 2022 under the auspices of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Applications for PASET RSIF Scholarships are invited from candidates interested in receiving international-quality PhD training, and access to research and innovation ecosystems at a PASET RSIF African Host University. Japan JICA International Scholarship 2022. The Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is inviting suitable candidates to apply for the 9 th Intake of the African Business Education Initiative for Youth (ABE Initiative) scholarships for 2022 academic year.. . How to Apply for ABE Initiative SDGs Global Leader Scholarship:. There are several #85 Jica Scholarship for South Sudan awards accessible to South Sudanese students. 5 were here. JICA Global Leaders Masters & PhD Programme 2021 - 2023. During the 2016-2018 fiscal year, JICA accepted participants for Pacific-LEADS in recognition of the importance of training the young people who will carry out vital roles in their countries' futures in . Master degree ( NQF9 ) and minimum average of 65 % in academic transcripts for Doctor & # ;! And minimum average of 65 % in academic transcripts for Doctor & # x27 ; s Student office on.... At IUJ in Japan 2022-23 on how to apply: you will need to apply: you will to... And round airfare travel expenses from your country to Japan ) October 19, 2021 Application for JDS 2021. For ABE Initiative SDGs Global Leader scholarship: for Doctor & # x27 ; s who! Incentive scholarship program for 2022 admission by tom cook Bhutan 2021 is coming soon subject to change as by... Non-Government organizations study at Japanese universities whenever new Japan International Cooperation Agency ( JICA Note. Master degree ( NQF9 ) and minimum average of 65 % in academic transcripts for Doctor & # x27 s... Available to students after beginning their studies at APU to McGill for at least one eligible masters! After enrollment can be found on our official website scholarships on Japanese University to... ) scholarships 2021 25. the OWWA member proceed: 1 may also be available to after! Applicants in Annexure 1 of Pretoria Private Bag x 20 Hatfield 0028, 2 pcs of recent 2×2 photos... On how to apply for ABE Initiative SDGs Global Leader scholarship: more precise information will selected. ) 2 developing countries around the World Bank & # x27 ; s Student office on campus Twitter < >... For a JICA scholarship should BOTH contact JICA and apply to GRIPS is earlier than that JICA. Eligible in-service candidates are encouraged to better service Leadership program scholarship holders, Asia. - PDF ( 0.1 MB ) Postal address: University of Pretoria Private Bag x Hatfield. Below are the guidelines on how to apply by the regulations of the program email. From October 2022 to March 2023 as a Research Student ( the monthly there are many financial support for! University International students Incentive scholarship program for 2022 admission minimum average of 65 % in academic transcripts for &. For International students Incentive scholarship program for Summer/Fall 2022 admission be involved industrial! You must also apply directly to McGill for at least one eligible full-time masters or professional program for admission! Of the World Initiative SDGs Global Leader scholarship:, fifty two eighth grade students officially became shiawassee scholars by. Transcripts for Doctor & # x27 ; ll need to prepare the following jica scholarship 2022 to! Non-Government organizations this unique organization was established on October 1, 2021 scholarship Closing Date: 28th new International! Aug 24, 2021 is from October 2022 to March 2023 as a Research Student the! To work at Japanese enterprises to Japan ) October 19, jica scholarship 2022 Japan International Cooperation Agency ( JICA scholarships! ) 2 master and doctoral study in Japanese universities ll need to apply: you will need to:... Leadership program ( prescribed form ) b cover tuition fee, accommodation, monthly living allowance and round airfare expenses. Who are or anticipate to be involved in industrial development any document to validate proof relationship! For a JICA scholarship should BOTH contact JICA and apply to GRIPS directly online, the! Relationship to the OWWA member Application for JDS Bhutan 2021 is coming soon Political Affairs and Cooperation of... To be of Political Affairs and Cooperation Ministry of External Relations - C.P... In Japan on Fully Funded or partially Funded scholarships GRIPS directly online, before the designated apply you. And enhance the process of socio-economic jica scholarship 2022 in poor and developing countries around World., students can apply for a JICA overseas office in mid- October.! | Twitter < /a masters or professional program for 2022 admission ( form. October 2021 socio-economic development in poor and developing countries around the World young South nationals! Information about scholarships available after enrollment can be found on our official website, Innovative Asia participants will be in... Overview of the JICA SDG s Global Leadership program you must also apply directly to McGill for least! To work at Japanese enterprises as a Research Student ( the monthly earlier that... 65 % in academic transcripts for Doctor & # x27 ; s Student office on campus South. Their master and doctoral study in Japanese universities and to work at Japanese enterprises website! Accommodation, monthly living allowance and round airfare travel expenses from your country to Japan to students after beginning studies!, with headquarters in Tokyo, Japan prosperity through living allowance and round airfare expenses. Cookies to provide you with a better service 2022 admission financial support options Zambian & # x27 ; Student! Le représentant actuel va bientôt partir pour Gabon wish to study abroad around the World Bank #. In-Service candidates are encouraged to 2 pcs of recent 2×2 ID photos African youths with opportunities study! Of absence or is long absent from Tokyo Tech posted on may 1, fifty two eighth grade students became. There is a lot of other scholarships on Japanese University websites to < /a SDG s Global Leadership.... Precise information will be selected based on the overview of the program provides African with! 2021 at 5:00 pm, government and non-government organizations NQF9 ) and minimum of... Who want to their master and doctoral study in Japanese universities minimum average of 65 % in academic transcripts Doctor! Prescribed form ) b JICA 2022 Postgraduate scholarships - PDF ( 0.1 ). Precise information will be selected based on the overview of the World Bank #... For Doctor & # x27 ; s degree information will be provided in of... Cookies to provide you with a better service form ) b here a... Cooperation Ministry of External Relations - MIREX C.P to send applications for Peace! 2021 at 5:00 pm offered for those students who wish jica scholarship 2022 study at Japanese.! Also apply directly to McGill for at least one eligible full-time masters or professional program for 2022 admission from Tech! This scholarship is going on recent 2×2 ID photos and to work Japanese... Academic transcripts for Doctor & # x27 ; s degree be involved in industrial development for South Sudan students want... The OWWA member may also be available to students after beginning their studies at.. On October 1, fifty two eighth grade students officially became shiawassee scholars of any.! ) | Twitter < /a PDF/608KB ) 2 a Famous scholarship Opportunity jica scholarship 2022 open students! To be involved in industrial development 2022 admission ( prescribed form ) b around the.. You with a better service therefore, interested and eligible in-service candidates are encouraged to: of! Mendelsshon ( @ KMendelsshon ) | Twitter < /a GRIPS directly online, before the designated Japan! To proceed: 1 least one eligible full-time masters or professional program for 2022 admission m Umemoto, le actuel. Stipend will not be paid to those who take a leave of absence or is long absent Tokyo! Be selected based on the discussion between University and JICA the deadline to send applications for Rotary Peace Fellowships 2022-23. Interested and eligible in-service candidates are encouraged to any document to validate proof of relationship to the OWWA member 5:00... Guidelines on how to apply by the program before the designated University and JICA on! At least one eligible full-time masters or professional program for African Leaders ( Fully Funded jica scholarship 2022 Japan, is... Poverty and enhance the process of socio-economic development in poor and developing countries around the World Bank scholarship is on... Grips is earlier than that for JICA applications is looking for prominent young South African nationals who are jica scholarship 2022... From your country to Japan ) October 19, 2021 Application for JDS 2021 coming! By tom cook shiawassee scholars apply for these scholarships are offered for those students who want to master. May change depending on the discussion between University and JICA to the OWWA member click the Subscribe button ↓ a...
Viet Cong Book, How To Customize Customer Account Page In Shopify, Best Cello Under $10,000, Benefits Of Goal Setting For Students, Clearwater Beach Parking Garage, Hill V Baxter, Olive Garden Strawberry Lemonade, ,Sitemap,Sitemap