I was lucky enough to have recently been on a private tour of the interior of Villa Mairea Alvar Aalto’s stunning and seminal 1930s house designed for wealthy friends/ clients, in the beautiful village of Noormarkku Western Finland. The undulating, wave-like form was already established as a leitmotiv of Aalto's work: it was familiar from the vases designed for the 'Savoy Restaurant' in Helsinki. The upper hall terminates in the familiar serpentine line. In its final form, Villa Mairea is organized around the living room-library-greenhouse space and in accordance with the physical and visual relationship that every room has with the exterior. Photo: Maija Holma, Alvar Aalto Museum, a staircase bordered by irregularly composed wooden poles leads up to the upper floor. The fact that the Finnish word aalto means ‘wave’ doubtless added a certain piquancy to his attraction to the motif. Demetri Porphyrios has pointed out that this plan form is common amongst Scandinavian aristocratic residences; it was also used, for example, by Gunnar Asplund in his celebrated Snellman House of 1919. [1] Most of these views the father would only see reflected in an artifice, the living room windows. Seventy years have passed since the Villa Mairea was completed. Their work put them at the vanguard of what we now call Scandinavian Modern. Harry Gullichsen, as head of the household, occupied the head of the table facing towards the entrance. The most significant of the homes designed for friends is Villa Mairea (1938-1939). Their honeymoon in Italy was Aalto's first trip there, though Aino had previously made a study trip there. Alvar Aalto -museo, Galleria. Enquiries: +358 (0) 50 310 6442, info@villamairea.fi. Helsinki: Alvar Aalto Foundation & Noormarkku: Mairea Foundation. Aalto won the first prize with a different design and, never one to waste a good idea, used vast sinuous partitions as the primary spatial device of his masterly design for the New York Fair of 1939. Their windows are obliquely projecting bays, which read almost as objects on the façade, rather than openings in it, and are angled to address the line of approach to the main door. Aalto was given freedom to experiment with his architectural style and theory. House of Culture. See more ideas about villa, alvar aalto, architecture drawing. A few steps lead up from the entrance hall to the living room, whence a staircase bordered by irregularly composed wooden poles leads up to the upper floor. Alvar Aalto, Villa Mairea at Dusk Digital Remake of Alvar Alto's Villa Mairea at dusk. Although this geometry contributes to the formal discipline which underpins the episodic spatial composition, and is emblematic of an ‘ideal’ house, it is only in the dining room that one can directly sense the underlying order. On the upper floor are also the bedrooms and Maire Gullichsen´s painting studio. During this time, he designed a number of small single-family houses in Jyväskylä, and the office's workload steadily increased. Villa Mairea by Alvar Aalto architect, at Noormarkku, Finland, 1937 to 1939, architecture in the Great Buildings Online. Mrs. Gullichsen would occupy the seat at the opposite end of the table, conveniently close to the servery and kitchen, from where, as Herdeg writes, she ‘can contemplate her husband silhouetted against the dining room’s asymmetrical fireplace, while through the window she can see the sauna, the pool, the garden court, and the pine forest - things natural or traditional. Villa Mairea-Alvar Aalto. Architect: Alvar Aalto Location: Noormarkku, Finland Year: 1941 Villa Mairea is a country house designed by Alvar Aalto for his friends Harry and Maire Gullichsen. On 6 October 1924, Aalto married architect Aino Marsio. Competed in 1940, the Villa Mairea is a guest-house and a rural retreat designed and built by the Finnish modernist architect Alvar Aalto for Harry and Maire Gullichsen in Noormarkku, Finland. Maire Gullichsen was one of the four founding members of Artek, along with Aino Marsio-Aalto, Alvar Aalto and Nils-Gustaf Hahl. Villa Mairea is a villa, guest-house, and rural retreat designed and built by the Finnish modernist architect Alvar Aalto for Harry and Maire Gullichsen in Noormarkku, Finland. Alvar Aalto 1958 Read More. Villa Mairea was designed by Alvar and Aino Aalto and completed in August 1939. Photo: Mikko Merckling, Alvar Aalto Museum, Visits by prior appointment. The Genesis of The Villa Mairea Aalto designed this villa for Harry and Maire Gullichsen, two close friends and coworkers. It is a layout which automatically created a semi-private enclosure to one side, and a more exclusive, formal edge to confront the public world on the other. The guest bedrooms are disposed along a single-banked corridor and look out full-height windows and present a blank wall to the family's private garden. The angle of the stairs determines the line of the plaster which rises diagonally across the fire to level out over the door. The main stair arrives in an intimate upper hall, with its own fireplace placed directly above the one below. The flat roof of the dining room is extended to form a covered terrace, which connects with the irregular roof of the small timber sauna. Description Villa Mairea was built in 1937-1939 in Noormarkku as a modern residence for Maire and Harry Gullichsen, who were ardent lovers and promoters of art and architecture. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}61°35′51″N 21°52′28″E / 61.59750°N 21.87444°E / 61.59750; 21.87444, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Villa_Mairea&oldid=970780138, Articles needing additional references from May 2015, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 2 August 2020, at 10:01. It could be described as an outstanding but descent statue of the golden National Romantic Era, when Alvar Aalto (much alike Frank Lloyd, e.g. Drawing: Alvar Aalto Museum, Living room. The spaces vary in size from the grand to the cabin-like. In contrast to these softening devices, the main facade has a more rigid, formal mood, and even possesses a canopy restated in a garden pergola vocabulary of bindings, poles and slats. In the early spring of 1938 the Gullichsens approved a design which Schildt has called the Proto-Mairea, on the basis of which construction began in the summer. By comparison with the sophisticated spatial composition of the ground floor, the upper or first (second-U.S) floor is a relatively straightforward assemblage of private rooms. Villa Mairea stands out as Aalto’s most passionate legacy of poetic inspiration, personal dedication and the art of play. Villa Mairea 1938–39. Villa Mairea in Finland / Alvar Aalto. Aalto varies the dimensions of the structural grid in both directions, and the circular steel columns are randomly placed; in one case, they are tripped clad with wooden strips or bound with rattan, and in the library, one of the three columns in arbitrarily changed to concrete (early sketches also show it as free-form in plan). The .DWG files are compatible back to AutoCAD 2000. The design was influenced by … They told Aalto that he should regard it as 'an experimental house'. Harry Gullichsen's only objection to the revised design was the lack of a separate library where he could hold confidential business meetings, for which Aalto proposed a small room screened by movable shelving units which did not reach the ceiling. Throughout his early studies for the Villa, Aalto envisaged an L-shaped plan similar to that of his own house in Munkkiniemi (1934–36). Sep 27, 2014 - Explore Yu's board "Villa Mairea" on Pinterest. Before the construction of the Mairea Villa, the Aaltos, together with Maire Gullichsen, the client for the Villa and Nils-Gustav Hahlin (who died during WWII), founded Artek, to sell li… Aalto is at such pains to subvert any clear geometric reading of the structural and spatial organization that it comes as something of a discovery that the whole plan is in fact regulated by a series of squares. Heidän hyvät ystävänsä, arkkitehdit Aino ja Alvar Aalto saivat Maireassa tilaisuuden vapaaseen ja kokeilevaan suunnitteluun. Aalto's analysis of the activities to be accommodated produced a schedule of reception rooms which included an entrance hall with an open fireplace, a living room, a gentlemen's room, a ladies’ room, a library, a music room, a winter garden, a table tennis room and an art gallery. The Aalto … The Villa Mairea was built betweeen 1938 and 1939 and represents an exquisite mix of art and Modernist architecture with Finnish and Japanese influences. It was built for Harry and Maire Gullichsen, the director of the company A. Ahlström and his wife, in the Noormarkku ironworks area. Villa Mairea. It read more like the programme for a Victorian country house than a demonstration of the social-democratic dwelling of the future, and Aalto was far from satisfied with the design. The same angle is continued outside in the flue which connects at the first-floor level into the service wing – a typical example of a rigorous formal integration which underlies Aalto’s at times seemingly willful manipulation of form. [2] His first proposal was a rustic hut modelled on vernacular farmhouses. This online exhibition of the building is an important addition to the Alvar Aalto Museum’s series of exhibitions on architecture to be found on the Internet. a n a n t a i. Haave museosta. See trips and visit information on visit.alvaraalto.fi. The separate art gallery was removed and its place taken by the sauna, which nestles against a low L-shaped stone wall, the remainder of the original wall and trellis being replaced by a short fence and earth mound. The plan of the Villa Mairea is a modified L-shape of the kind Aalto had used before. Harry Gullichsen was the CEO of the family company A. Ahlström Oy. Mr. and Mrs. Gullichsen's bedrooms are paired on either side of an en suite bathroom, which are entered under a slightly dropped ceiling, with vents for air conditioning. Progressive and unprejudiced, they were interested in modernist abstract art and utopian ideology. Each of the houses strongly conveys the personal relationship between the residents or family and their home. Each of the houses strongly conveys the personal relationship between the residents or family and their home. Edistysmielinen pariskunta tuki taiteita ja heitä kiinnosti modernismin puhdaspiirteinen ilmaisu. Not surprisingly, this arrangement did not offer the necessary acoustic privacy and the shelving units were permanently sited (although not actually fixed), with one angled to suggest frozen movement; the gap under the ceiling was filled with an undulating glazed screen. The open living room is planned around a rectilinear structural grid whose dimensions are adjusted to suit the disposition of rooms above. Horizontals and overhangs in the main composition echo the ground plane, and the curved pool weds the nearby forest topography. Aaltos designed this masterpiece as a home for their friends Maire and Harry Gullichsen. The dining room window looks out over the inner courtyard and the door in the rear wall opens onto the covered way leading to the sauna. Download. The elevations are partly in wood, with teak and Finnish pine, and partly with thin stone slabs and rough-cast rendering. Similar diagonal relationships are established between Harry Gullichsen's private library/study and the ‘winter garden’ (which Maire used for flower arranging and from which a stair leads directly up to her studio), and between the main staircase and open sun-lit part of the living room into which eyes are drawn as you emerge from behind the vertical poles which screen the stairs. Aalto suggested that these units could also be used for storing Maire's art collection – an idea which, he pointed out, should be 'socially supportable as it could be realized in a small, even single room, dwelling' where the inhabitant has ‘a personal relationship to the phenomena of art'. ii. Over the course of the decades, Aalto designed several private houses for his personal friends. Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto and his first wife Aino Aalto collaborated on multiple projects. The most significant of the homes designed for friends is Villa Mairea (1938-1939). The plan established the basic disposition of accommodation found in the finished house, with the dining situated in the corner between the family rooms and the servants' wing, and the bedrooms and Maire's studio upstairs, the latter originally expressed as a free-form curve in elevation, rather than plan. 1951–1971, 1970–1974. Early in 1938, however, inspiration came from a radically different source, the residence named ‘Fallingwater’ designed by Frank Lloyd Wright, which had just received international acclaim thanks to an exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in New York and publication in Life and Time magazines, as well as in architectural journals. A residência se localiza no topo de uma montanha, cercada por pinheiros e se localiza na parte oeste da Finlândia, em uma cidade chamada Noormarkku, e foi projetada para … In later sketches, the free-form basement appears as an upper-floor studio with a serpentine wall sunk into a one-and-half storey entrance hall, forming a drop-ceiling around the fireplace. The kitchens are beside the dining room with rooms for the domestics behind them. The main entrance has a colonnade of unstripped saplings supporting a free-form roof. The new villa – to be used as a summer house, a form of retreat to nature traditional in Finland – was intended to express the aspirations of the new generation and of the Gullichsens’ vision of ‘the good life’ which they believed industrialization would eventually make available to the majority in the newly independent state. This is in contrast to Mies van der Rohe, by whom the structural grid was conceived as a regular counterpoint to the independent spatial disposition of the ‘free plan’. The angle of the low wall is set from the corner of the white-plastered fireplace diagonally opposite, which becomes the natural centre of attention as one ascends the step into the living room. Alvar Aalto’s Museum Designs, Diverse Design – 30 Years of Passionate Collecting. Part of the external wall is movable on a sliding system so that “the house can be completely opened to the garden”. Their work extended beyond just the built form and would include detailing interior spaces and surfaces, along with furniture, lamps, furnishings, and glassware. 8.6k These AutoCAD drawings are available to purchase and Download NOW! It was built for Harry and Maire Gullichsen, the director of the company A. Ahlström and his wife, in the Noormarkku ironworks area. This is fairly simple to organise online but it does need to be organised early. Villa Mairea is located in the Noormarkku Ironworks area, where it was designed as a home for Aalto’s friends Maire and Harry Gullichsen. The Gullichsens were a wealthy couple and members of the Ahlström family. A collage of materials amongst the trunks of countless birch trees in the Finnish landscape, the Villa Mairea built by Alvar Aalto in 1939 is a significant dwelling that marks a … Villa Mairea Noormarkun ruukissa rakennettiin vuonna 1939 Maire (o.s. The owners asked him … Villa Mairea is a very specific home building in Finland. One enters on axis with the dining table beyond, but the axiality is undermined by asymmetry of a screen of wooden poles and a free-standing, angled wall which together define an informal ante-room between the living room and dining room. In 1877 the founder of the company, Maire's grandfather Antti Ahlström, had built an imposing wooden house as a family residence in Noormarkku, a village a few miles inland from the town of Pori on Finland's west coast; at the turn of the century her father, Walter, commissioned an art nouveau house on a nearby site. Villa Mairea - Alvar Aalto Foundation | Alvar Aalto -säätiö. Aalto seems to have treated the house as an opportunity to bring together all the themes that had been preoccupying him in his work to that point but had not been able to include them in actual buildings. The interiors of the Villa Mairea are richly articulated in wood, stone and brick. There are two distinct points of departure in the sketches for the Villa Mairea, which Aalto has tried to fit together. 8.6.2018 - 16.9.2018. During that time the building has become famous throughout the world, particularly in schools of architecture, and it is especially popular as a subject for model-making. Aalto and his first wife Aino had undertaken various projects for the Ahlström Company, including workers' housing, social facilities, and the celebrated Sunila Plant, completed in 1939, but it was in the Villa Mairea itself that the character of their utopian vision was demonstrated most fully. Ahlström) ja Harry Gullichsenin edustuskodiksi. Villa Mairea Analysis Alvar Aaltos Villa Mairea Analysis . 1936. Photo: Johanna Kokkola Photo: Maija Holma, Alvar Aalto Foundation Photo: Alvar Aalto Museum, Ground floor plan with the sauna and swimming pool. The free forms of nature were seen as symbols of human freedom, and as early as 1926 Aalto remarked that the ‘curving, living, unpredictable line which runs in dimensions unknown to mathematics, is for me the incarnation of everything that forms a contrast in the modern world between brutal mechanicalness and religious beauty in life. The Gullichsens believed in the possibility of a social utopia based on technological progress, and found in Alvar Aalto a designer who shared their ideals and could give them convincing architectural expression. It also featured prominently in the second-prize-winning entry for the Finnish Pavilion at the Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne (Paris World Fair of 1937), named ‘Tsit Tsit Pum’. Photo: Maija Holma, Alvar Aalto Museum, Part of the external wall is movable on a sliding system so that “the house can be completely opened to the garden”. The first is a composition made up of geometric planes of different sizes joined together, which is in many ways reminiscent of Frank Lloyd Wright’s house Falling Water. There are stairs up from the kitchen to the children´s playroom cum breakfast room and the guest wing. After the foundations had been excavated Aalto had a new idea and was able to persuade his clients to accept a radical redesign in which only the plan footprint and servant wing remained more or less intact. The ground floor is reserved for entertaining. The rectangular pier at the end of the terrace affords another example. The villa was the third major house built with Ahlström money. Although Aalto's clients had asked for an ‘experimental’ house, it is significant that he first envisaged it as a reversion to a vernacular form, and then as a variant on a familiar plan type; in embodying a vision of the future, Aalto is at pains to endow the dwelling with strong memories of the past. Maire, after whom the house was named, was the daughter of Walter Ahlström, of the Timber and Paper Company. There, the ‘L’ shape distinguishes between the house proper and the integral studio; at Villa Mairea, it separates the family accommodation from that of a courtyard - garden variously enclosed by combinations of walls, fences, trellises and the wooden sauna. Over the course of the decades, Aalto designed several private houses for his personal friends. Although the revised plan followed the existing foundations, the transformation achieved a compression and coherence in the spatial organization which had been almost entirely lacking in the ‘Proto-Mairea’. From there he could see along the axis to the entrance and beyond into the pine forest through the clerestory windows above the vestibule, and also diagonally through the entire living room. Maire and Hahl had the idea of founding an avant-garde art gallery in Helsinki to act as a focus of progressive culture, and in due course this became ‘ARTEK’, now world-famous as manufacturers and distributors of Aalto's furniture and glassware. Villa Mairea-Alvar Aalto quantity. 1958. The Villa Mairea was designed for Harry and Maire Gullichsen, to whom Aalto was introduced in 1935, by Nils-Gustav Hahl. Photo: Maija Holma, Alvar Aalto Museum, Fireplace in the living room. Hahl was keen to promote his bentwood furniture designs. The building was constructed in 1938–1939. I was lucky enough to have recently been on a private tour of the interior of Villa Mairea Alvar Aalto’s stunning and seminal 1930s house designed for wealthy friends/ clients, in the beautiful village of Noormarkku Western Finland. Villa Mairea is a villa, guest-house, and rural retreat designed and built by the Finnish modernist architect Alvar Aalto for Harry and Maire Gullichsen in Noormarkku, Finland. in his Fallingwaterhouse) was relatively free hands to plan a house in the "best spirit" of the time. The influence of Fallingwater is evident in several sheets of studies, which show boldly cantilevered balconies and an undulating basement story intended as a substitution for the natural forms of the stream and rocks. She studied painting in Paris during the early 1920s, and in 1928, married the businessman Harry Gullichsen, who four years later became managing director of the A. Ahlström Company. The terrace is served by a fire which backs up against the fireplace in the dining room, and over which a rustic stone staircase rises to the wooden deck on the roof. Aalto began work on the Villa towards the end of 1937, and was given an almost free hand by his clients. Jyväskylä University Seminaarinmäki Campus. This is fairly simple to organise online but … In this project he had the capacity to design freely without concerning about the budget. Architecture by Alvar Aalto 5 Villa Mairea, Noormarkku – Alvar Aalto Shop Architecture by Alvar Aalto 5 Villa Mairea, Noormarkku 10.00€ The booklets in this series present buildings designed by Alvar Aalto, with introductory texts based either on Alvar Aalto’s own writings or … Photo: Gustaf Welin, Alvar Aalto Museum, Main entrance facade. The lawn and the swimming pool are situated in the angle of the L, with a variety of rooms overlooking them. The entrance opens into a small top-lobby, from which another door straight ahead leads into an open hall positioned four steps below the main level. Drawing: Alvar Aalto Museum, Ground floor. Villa Mairea, today considered one of the most important single-family buildings in the entire history of world architecture (together with Le Corbusier's ville Savoye and the Fallingwater wrightiana), was built by the Finnish architect Alvar Aalto in the two-year period 1938-1939 commissioned by … Viewed in isolation this seems to be simply another instance of Aalto’s desire to break the ‘artificial rhythms’ established by a regular grid, akin to the doubling and tripling of columns in the living room, but it is also an act as a visual and formal termination to the implied band of secondary circulation which runs through the door between dining room and terrace, past the servery wall which defines the entrance hall. 301. Marie's studio was re-positioned to occupy the place above the former entrance canopy, whose shape it echoes, and the various reception rooms were accommodated in a large 14 metre-square space. As Aalto's biographer Göran Schildt has pointed out, each was representative of the values of their time: the first an expression of semi-feudal authority organized around a highly formalized style of living, the latter underlining ‘the domestic happiness afforded by solid riches, with comfortable rooms, cosy furniture and luxurious, well-tended garden grounds’. The house is located in the area of Noormarkku Works. 14. The spaces naturally invite the visitor to stay, and despite their somewhat public character, have nevertheless an intimate feel. The most significant of the homes designed for friends is Villa Mairea (1938-1939). Such was Aalto's enthusiasm for the design, Schildt tells us, that he tried to persuade the Gullichsens to build their home over a stream on Ahlström land a few miles out of Noormarkku. Maire Gullichsen was a collector and a patron of the arts. Alvar Aallon museosuunnitelmat. A young Swiss student working in his office at the time recalls that he used to scold the model like a naughty dog, explaining to her that 'those people don't need so many rooms'. Today, Villa Mairea is considered one of the most important buildings Aalto designed in his career.[1]. The exhibition brings to light Alvar Aalto´s designs for apartments - from classical wooden villas to the unique artist’s homes of later decades. © Alvar Aalto -säätiö / Alvar Aalto Foundation, 2017–, The Dream of a Museum. 12. ma. Villa Mairea on Porin Noormarkussa sijaitseva arkkitehti Alvar Aallon suunnittelema rakennus, joka valmistui vuonna 1939 Harry ja Maire Gullichsenin edustusasunnoksi. ti-su klo 11-18. The building was constructed in 1938–1939. Photo: Maija Holma, Alvar Aalto Museum, A covered way leading to the sauna from the main building and the swimming pool. Who better to select and edit the writings of Aalto than G"oran Schildt, his long-time friend and the author of the three-volume study of Aalto's life and work, Alvar Aalto: The Early Years (CH, Feb'85); Alvar Aalto: The Decisive Years (1986); and Alvar Aalto: The Mature Years (CH, Oct'91), as well as Alvar Aalto: The Complete Catalogue of Architecture, Design and Art (1994). Villa Mairea es una obra de Alvar Aalto construdia en Noormakku, Finlandia en el año 1937-1940. The dining room itself is a double-square in plan, and the triple-square of the service block is centred on it; the formality is entirely appropriate to the activity of dining and entertaining and can be interpreted, as Klaus Herdeg, an architect and author, has argued, as an architectural embodiment of the social traditions of the bourgeois family. The basement was greatly reduced in area, and the main entrance moved from its curious position at the side and rear to a much more obvious location in front of the dining room. The Villa Mairea Alvar Aalto designed the Villa Mairea ( Noormarkku) for his friends, Maire and Harry Gullichsen, which known as a wealthy couple. This is in contrast to the conventional Modernist practice exemplified by the work of Le Corbusier by comparison with the sophisticated spatial composition of the ground floor. The Villa Mairea by architect Alvar Aalto was built in Noormakku, Finland in 1937-1940. A Villa Mairea foi criada em 1938, e foi um dos trabalhos mais importantes de Alvar Aalto. Projects by same architect. Alvar Aalto 1951–1971, 1970–1974 Read More. Introduction. It is probably Aalto’s most personal work, a masterpiece that fused together numerous influences in a remarkable coherent whole. 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